Immune System Disorders
Immune System Disorders
Though the immune systems in organisms are one of the most sophisticated defense mechanisms and are highly adaptive. They can sometimes fail, and there are three different types-
- Immunodeficiency
It occurs when at least one or more components of the immune system stop working, hampering its ability to respond and shield against the pathogens. Example HIV AIDS
- Autoimmunity
It is the exact opposite of Immunodeficiency. Autoimmunity occurs when the immune system is hyper-active and fails to differentiate between self and foreign body and starts attacking parts of its own body. Common diseases are RA, SLE, MS, Celiac Disease, IBD etc
- Hypersensitivity
Hypersensitivity occurs when the immune system gets overboard and starts damaging its body tissues. There are four types of hypersensitivity ranging from Type-1 to 4, while type-1 being the mildest and type-4, the most severe form.
Types of diseases caused by Immune Disorders
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
The thin lining surrounding our intestine comes under attack in this particular type of disease. Issues like blood from the rectum, severe cramps on the abdomen, loss of weight are inevitable.
- Type-1 diabetes
When the immune system damages the cells that produce insulin, in the pancreas of your body, it ends up causing a serious disease like Type-1 diabetes.
- Hyperthyroid/Hypothyroid
Hyperthyroid occurs when the immune system ends up producing antibodies that stimulate the thyroid gland to release an extreme amount of Thyroid, causing various abnormalities and difficulties like- rapid heart rate, bulging eyes, brittle hair, weakness, etc.
On the other hand, when the antibodies of the immune system attack and destroy the body’s thyroid gland, it causes the hypothyroid disorder. Complications like fatigue, excessive weight gain, depression, etc. can occur.
- Allergic Diseases
Peculiar allergic disorders occur when the immune system becomes hypersensitive to various harmless substances like pollen, peanuts, etc. Such complications can range from fever, food allergies, asthma, etc.
