Eye Allergy
Eye allergies are also called ocular allergies or allergic conjunctivitis. It occurs when something you are allergic to irritates the conjunctiva. The eyes produce a substance called histamine to fight off the allergen. As a result, the eyelids and conjunctiva — the thin, filmy membrane that covers the inside of your eyelids and the white part of your eye (sclera) — become red, swollen and itchy, with tearing and burning. This is the delicate membrane covering the eye and the inside of the eyelid.
Causes of eye allergy
The most common causes of allergic conjunctivitis are seasonal allergens such as pollen and mold spores. Indoor allergens such as dust mites and pet dander can also cause eye allergies year-round. Other substances, including perfumes, smoke, chlorine, air pollution, cosmetics, and certain medicines, can also play a role. An allergy to contact lenses, called giant papillary conjunctivitis, makes eyes sensitive and red.
Symptoms of eye allergy
- Red, itchy, burning and puffy eyes
- Severe swelling of eyes associated with discharge
- Stuffy nose and sneezing
- Sensitivity to light
Treating Eye Allergies
- Oral antihistamines, either OTC or prescription (non- or lightly sedating), may be used for itchy eyes
- Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDS) are particularly useful in treating itchy eyes.
- Steroid antiinflammatory eye drops are very effective in treating eye allergies, but they are reserved for severe symptoms that are unresponsive to other treatments.
- Eye drops containing ketotifen can relieve allergy symptoms for up to 12 hours. They won’t cause rebound redness even with long-term use.
- Sterile saline rinses and eye lubricants can soothe irritated eyes and help flush out allergens.
- Your allergist may suggest Allergy shots when other measures have been unsuccessful.
